liminfoSCOR Model Reference
Free reference guide: SCOR Model Reference
About SCOR Model Reference
The SCOR Model Reference is a structured quick-lookup guide for the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) framework, the industry-standard model developed by APICS (now ASCM) for describing, measuring, and improving supply chain performance. It covers all six core process types: Plan (P1-P5 for supply chain, source, make, deliver, and return planning), Source (S1-S3 for stocked/MTO/ETO procurement), Make (M1-M3 for stock/order/engineer production), Deliver (D1-D4 for stocked/MTO/ETO/retail fulfillment), Return (R1-R3 for defective/MRO/excess returns), and Enable (E1-E9 for infrastructure and governance processes).
Each process entry includes the sub-process decomposition (e.g., P1.1 through P1.4 for Plan Supply Chain), associated KPIs with best-in-class benchmarks, and the specific characteristics that distinguish MTS, MTO, and ETO variants. The reference documents all five SCOR performance attributes: Reliability (measured by Perfect Order Fulfillment with benchmarks from 85% median to 96% superior), Responsiveness (Order Fulfillment Cycle Time from 7-day median to 2-day superior), Agility (Upside Flexibility from 30-day median to 7-day superior), Cost (Total Cost to Serve from 8-12% median to 4-6% superior of revenue), and Asset Management (Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time from 45-day median to 15-day superior).
Advanced entries cover Level 1 through Level 2 metric decomposition, Return on Supply Chain Fixed Assets with ROI benchmarks, and the SCOR Digital Standard (SCOR DS) introduced in version 14.0. The digital standard integrates AI/ML, IoT, blockchain, RPA, digital twin, and advanced analytics capabilities into the Enable processes (E1-E9), providing a framework for measuring digital maturity alongside traditional supply chain metrics. All content is searchable and runs locally in your browser.
Key Features
- Complete Plan, Source, Make, Deliver, Return, and Enable process definitions with sub-process breakdowns
- MTS (Make-to-Stock), MTO (Make-to-Order), and ETO (Engineer-to-Order) variants for Source, Make, and Deliver
- Level 1 KPIs: Perfect Order Fulfillment, Order Fulfillment Cycle Time, Upside Flexibility, Total Cost to Serve, Cash-to-Cash
- Best-in-class benchmarks with median, advantage, and superior performance tiers for each metric
- Five performance attributes: Reliability, Responsiveness, Agility, Cost, and Asset Management explained
- Return processes for defective products, MRO items, and excess inventory with cycle time benchmarks
- Enable processes E1-E9 covering business rules, performance, data, HR, assets, contracts, and risk management
- SCOR Digital Standard (version 14.0) with AI/ML, IoT, blockchain, RPA, and digital twin capability mapping
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the SCOR Model?
SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) is a framework developed by APICS/ASCM for analyzing and improving supply chain performance. It organizes supply chain activities into six process types: Plan, Source, Make, Deliver, Return, and Enable. Each process is decomposed into sub-processes with defined inputs, outputs, and performance metrics across multiple levels of detail.
What are the five SCOR performance attributes?
The five attributes are: Reliability (customer-facing, measured by Perfect Order Fulfillment), Responsiveness (customer-facing, measured by Order Fulfillment Cycle Time), Agility (customer-facing, measured by Upside Flexibility and Adaptability), Cost (internal-facing, measured by Total Cost to Serve), and Asset Management (internal-facing, measured by Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time and Return on Fixed Assets). SCOR 14.0 defines 13 Level-1 metrics across these attributes.
What is Perfect Order Fulfillment and what are the benchmarks?
Perfect Order Fulfillment (RL.1.1) measures the percentage of orders delivered with all four conditions met simultaneously: in full quantity, on time, with correct documentation, and in perfect condition. The median benchmark is 85%, advantage level is 90%, and best-in-class (superior) is 96%. It decomposes into four Level-2 metrics for each condition.
How do MTS, MTO, and ETO differ in the SCOR framework?
MTS (Make-to-Stock) produces based on demand forecasts for inventory replenishment. MTO (Make-to-Order) starts production only when customer orders are confirmed. ETO (Engineer-to-Order) includes a custom engineering phase before production begins. Each has different Source (S1/S2/S3), Make (M1/M2/M3), and Deliver (D1/D2/D3) process variants with distinct lead time benchmarks.
What is Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time?
Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time (AM.1.1) measures the number of days from paying for raw materials to receiving payment from customers. It is calculated as Inventory Days of Supply + Days Sales Outstanding - Days Payable Outstanding. The median benchmark is 45 days, advantage is 30 days, and superior is 15 days. Lower values indicate more efficient working capital management.
What are the Enable processes (E1-E9)?
Enable processes support supply chain management infrastructure: E1 manages business rules, E2 manages performance, E3 manages data and information, E4 manages human resources, E5 manages supply chain assets, E6 manages contracts, E7 manages the supply chain network, E8 manages regulatory compliance, and E9 manages supply chain risk. In SCOR 14.0, these processes integrate digital capabilities like AI, IoT, and blockchain.
What is new in the SCOR Digital Standard (SCOR DS)?
SCOR DS, introduced in version 14.0, adds a Digital Capability Model covering AI/ML, IoT/sensor networks, blockchain/distributed ledger, RPA, digital twin/simulation, and advanced analytics. It maps these technologies to existing SCOR processes through Digital Process Threads and introduces Digital Metrics for measuring organizational digital maturity.
How do I use SCOR benchmarks for supply chain improvement?
Compare your current performance against the three SCOR benchmark tiers: median (50th percentile), advantage (70th percentile), and superior (90th percentile). Identify metrics where you fall below median as priority improvement areas. Use the Level 2 decomposition to pinpoint specific sub-processes causing underperformance, then implement targeted improvements using the SCOR process definitions as a template.